Saturday, 31 May 2014

More Irish Bog story’s from Australia, 1870’s onward.


Seeing the Moving Bog is very popular, I decided to post a collection of Bog articles, I hope you do find them interesting.
Regards Nancy. 


The Wallaroo Times and Mining Journal. Port Wallaroo, SA. 
14 Jan 1874

AN IRISH BOG.
A week or two ago we (Farmer) gave an account of a bog in Ireland changing its locality. A correspondent of the Standard tells us in the first instance the bog of Dunmore gave no indication of its hostile intention towards the cultivators of the soil.

It was placid and as pleasant to look at as any other undrained peat mosses in the county, and they by far too common.
But, according to our contemporary's correspondent, it suddenly broke its moorings, and then the farmers in the threatened parts were compelled to retire before the inundation, which at once consumed every foot of one holding.

The news spread like wildfire, and were night crowds had assembled to look upon a sight unparalleled in that locality during a century and upwards, for it was in 1745 that, the bog of Adrigool, only a mile distant, changed its site.

The half concrete half fluid mass, having once bursts its bounds, continued its advance, driving before it the broken crust of the shell of the firmer land which had yielded to its- immense pressure down the incline from Carrokeel to Dunmore, and overwhelming whatever it encountered.

Three farm-houses were buried, and over 200 acres of good land are utterly lost, being covered in some places to a depth of even ten feet.

The bog had burst at a point where a turn bank had failed to sustain its weight.
At this spot there was an immense depression, showing the quantity discharged, for previously the bog was level.
The crater, or great basin, hollowed out by this subsidence is not less than 1 ½ mile in circumference.

From the middle of the crater a constant ebullition of bog stuff, brown and very watery, flows in the wake of the great torrent.
Nothing could exceed the desolate aspect of this huge and ugly deformity.

It is to-day not more than ¾ of a mile from the little town of Dunmore, and continues flowing towards it steadily, surely, and with a crawling strength that no hastily devised barrier can resists.
Taking other judgments in preference my own, I venture to set down the present length of the efflux at nearly2 miles from its source to the limit, it had reached, and which it is incessantly extending.

Its average breadth is perhaps ¼ of a mile.
Its depth it is more difficult to indicate, as this measurement varies from the ground, which is, however, very level along by the current.
At least 2,000,000 cubic feet of bog stuff, it has been calculated, have been forced down the valley already.
This calculation will, there is reason to dread, be largely increased before the flow ceases.

The worst of the damage already done is that it is likely to be permanent in its effects, unless indeed the foreign matter continues its locomotion, and branches itself to some locality where it will affect no industrial interest.
As it is, a wide extent of capital has been converted into black swamp; several families have been ruined, not only by the loss of their holdings and homes, but by the destruction of their crops, their firing, and other property which there was no time to save.

It is pitiable to see one of these ill-fated tenements surrounded by the filthy ooze of the bog, with no trace visible all around, of the green fields and cheerful harvest stubble that the occupants of the deserted dwelling looked upon from its threshold only a fortnight ago.

The valley is frightfully disfigured, but the effect on the landscape is of course a very minor consideration.
It is unnecessary to say that great uneasiness is felt by those whose property lies in the path of this destroying agency.

Fears are expressed for the safety of the town-itself, for should the slimy stream be not somehow diverted in its course, it is not unlikely, provided it continues moving at its present rate, to visit Dunmore.

The calamity is laid at least in this locality, at the door of that negligence of national interests which has made no honest effort to reclaim the bog lands of Ireland, or to pursue adequate satisfactory system of arterial drainage in the country.

Steps were then taken in this district over a quarter of a century ago, but the work fell through after some years’ desultory pudding, and Dunmore.

Like many other parts of Ireland, has been since left at the mercy of a misfortune which might have been averted.

The potato famine in Ireland was the means of the abolition of the duty on corn it is our fervent hope that the floating bog of Dumore may be the occasion of getting Ireland drained, and consequent increasing the food of the people of the United Kingdom.

If the present cultivators go where they intend, we have not the slightest doubt that their loss will be immediately supplied by others who will take good care that no floating bogs will again depreciate the already, through bad management, too depreciated soil.


Illawarra Mercury Wollongong, NSW.
7 Jan 1881

TRAVELLING BOG.
The correspondent of the Freeman's Journal, London, gives the following account of the moving bog reported at the time of the late heavy rains. The bog is known as Mylerstone Bog.

It adjoins the village of Robertstown, and supplies the country all around with turf, the practice being for its poor people to rent a certain portion from the landlord, cut the turf, and retail it to the householders, in this way earning whit is at best a very precarious livelihood.

The unprecedented rains of Saturday and Sunday night week turned the bog into a vast floating mass. During the night it split up into two sections, one of which, comprising upwards of sixteen acres, moved fully three-quarters of a mile from its original position. It pursued a direct line towards a river, which the agent of the property had had sunk not long since for drainage purposes at the expense of £50.

At the further side of the river the ground rose to a considerable elevation.
The moving peat, having choked up the river, had its course checked by the elevation alluded to. It then turned at angles and followed the course of the river for 500 yards down, completely obstructing the passage of the water, which, having no other means of escape, spread over the low-lying lands and flooded them to a considerable height.

The greater part of this extraordinary occurrence took place on Sunday night, though the bog has been moving gradually since, and may be expected to do so until the floods have altogether disappeared.

To carry off the water a number of men are employed cutting a drain through it.

It is not easy to give an accurate estimate of the value of the turf destroyed, but probably £300 is not over margin. Unfortunately all the sufferers are extremely poor people, small farmers.



Freeman's Journal Sydney, NSW
12 Aug 1882

A MOVING- BOG.
One of those extraordinary phenomena which rarely happen in this country took place on Friday afternoon in East Clare.

Some hundreds of acres of bog, once situated between Coolrea and Scariff, on the estate of Ralph Westropp, Esq., J.P., literally slipped its cable and began to move south-eastward with great force, carrying away before it several patches of reclaimed soil under cultivation, and actually swept away the main road to Limerick.

By the latest accounts it is still moving on, and the sub inspector of constabulary of the district has telegraphed to the county surveyor for Emergency men to repair the damage.

Dr. Dunworth, the dispensary medical officer of Feakle, who happened to be on professional duty in the neighbourhood, was nearly swamped. — Irish Times, June 3.


The Burrowa News NSW
1 Jan 1897

GREAT BOG SLIDE.
The moving bog in County Kerry Ireland, is a mile and a half wide and 30 ft. deep.

It is flowing towards the lakes of Killarney.
Bridges and roads have been destroyed, as also have many head of cattle and much farm produce.

The River Flesk, which flows northward through the lower lake (Lough Leane), is blocked by the bog.

The electric light works recently erected for the lighting of the town of Killarney have been stopped, and the town is in semidarkness.


The Inquirer and Commercial News Perth, WA
19 March 1897

THE KERRY BOG FLOW.
Professor W. J. Sollas communicated to a scientific meeting of the Royal Dublin Society recently the report of the committee appointed by the society to investigate the recent bog flow in Kerry. 

He said the amount of matter displaced by the bog flow was a million cubic yards. They had got together records of 18 similar occurrences in Ireland in the last century, while outside Ireland they were able to get the particulars of only four. 

It appeared that the bog, immediately before the occurrence, was a viscous fluid enclosed within a peaty envelope.

The explanation of similar occurrences was frequently that they were caused by the pressure or onrush of subterranean water, and regarding the Kerry bog flow the whole structure of the country would lead geologists to suspect the existence of springs, and hence the eruption of water from below might very probably have played a chief part in producing the occurrence.

The occurrence of an earthquake 10 days previously must also not be overlooked, as that earthquake had been felt as far west as Miltown Malbay, and probably both of these causes contributed to the flow.

Views and sections of the valley showing the effects of the flow were then shown by Professor Delup, Professor Lloyd Praeger, and Professor Grenville Cole, collaborators of Professor Sollas in preparing the report.

The chairman (Professor Joly) then invited the submission of hypotheses to account for the occurrence, and a discussion ensued. The chairman himself said he thought the severe easterly gale that had prevailed on the previous night had been overlooked by the committee. 

Professor Sollas, in replying, said that though he welcomed any hypotheses on the subject, still he did not think it necessary or correct to adduce the gale as a contributory cause.

The committee was of one mind in attributing the occurrence primarily to the influence of subterranean springs. It was to be regretted that in Ireland, which was par-credlence the land of bogs, they should not be in the very forefront in discovery regarding the effective treatment of them.


Newcastle Morning Herald and Miners' Advocate NSW
17 Nov 1900

IRISH BOG DISASTER.
Near Lisdoonvarne, in North-West Clare, a bog, extending over a number of acres, apparently yielding to the effects of the recent heavy rains, began to move towards an adjacent valley. 

Gathering velocity with every yard, the semi-liquid mass swept with terrific force across a low-lying portion of land, and completely over whelmed a dwelling-house standing there.

It was not at first known whether any person was in the building, but subsequently it transpired that there were two women on the premises-a widow named Macarthy, aged 68, and a young woman named Agan, 28.

On search being made on Wednesday the bodies were recovered.
Considerable damage has been done to property, but to what extent is not yet ascertained.


Kalgoorlie Western Argus WA
14 Feb 1905

IRISH BOG MOVING.
An Irish paper has the following:
Threatened with the terrors of a moving bog, such as wrought great destruction in County Kerry eight years ago, the farmers and villagers in a wide district in the west of County Roscomon are in a state of complete panic.

Some three miles above the village of Castlerea, a small market town with about 1000 inhabitants, lies the great bog of Cloonsheeve, a dreary tract of peat land about 11 miles in extent.
On Saturday. December 17, the alarming report was spread throughout the district that the bog was moving.

At once the entire district became panic-stricken. Between the little town and the bog stand a number of farms and cottages, and the residents of these began to make preparations for instant flight.

In many cases these were made none too soon, for the great mass of semi-fluid peat, 8ft. to 10ft. deep and some thousands of yards in width, steadily advanced throughout the day, and before nightfall was within, too yards of the nearest habitations  a cluster of cottages which stand on the public road between Castlerea and Frenchpark.

The cottagers had only succeeded in getting their belongings safely away in the direction of Castlerea when the great brown mass swept around their homes and across the road.

Cottages and gardens were buried to a depth of 8ft. and soft in peat and water, and still the slide continued.

The alarm quickly spread among the neighbouring farms, and a general fight for life ensued.

Stock was hastily removed from farm yards, and household stores were hurled into vehicles and driven to Castlerea. By Sunday the bog had moved half a mile nearly in. the direction of the town, and every farm and cottage in its wide path had been swallowed up.

The county surveyor with large gangs of men endeavoured to cope with the moving mass. But it’s extent-rendered the work hopeless, and by Monday night the bow had covered a third of the distance between its original position and the little town.

Many people are homeless, and the little town itself is threatened with destruction. All the residents - are prepared for instant flight: The disaster will mean heavy loss and hardship to what at the best is but a poor community. 

Bog slides have on many occasions wrought great havoc in Ireland.
The most serious on record occurred in December. 1806, in County Kerry when the Knocknageeha bog at Rathmore gave way and swept everything in its course for about two miles.

A family of eight persons living on Lord Kenmare's estate was submerged and destroyed, while hundreds of small farmers were ruined.

There was another serious, bog slip in Liscannor, West Clare, in November. 1901, when much, livestock was lost.


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